The Arab Baath Movement and The Rise of the Baath Party...

Contrary to popular beliefs, civil activism and civil society has managed to thrive in the Middle East. Social movements on a variety of topics have occurred despite the lack of democracy and democratic institutions in certain countries. One popular movement was the Arab Ba’ath Movement which eventually led to the formation of the Baath Party. By analyzing the movement’s history, ideological stance, goals, the actors, dissenters, and international aspect, one can determine how and why the movement flourished in Syria. Syria was granted de jure independence from the French in 1941. However, the country was not truly independent until 1946. For the next twenty-five years, the country would be launched into extreme political instability and†¦show more content†¦They were attracted to the idea of equality on the basis of being an Arab and the promise of social reform, something that was desperately needed in the countryside. Additionally, the nationalist ideals the Baath promoted would neither exclude nor destroy the middle class and the positions they held (Galvani 4). The Baath also had a base in the military. Therefore, they were able to help members of rural communities join and gain prestige in the military. The Baath Party had two goals: to unite the Middle East into one Arab nation and to create a new set of political elites completely comprised of the rural, lower class to replace the tradition urban elites (Antoun and Quataert 33). They wanted to reverse the effects caused by imperialist intervention and the agrarian crisis in the 1950s. Therefore, when they took power, transformation – a reformation from the top down – occurred. The new regime took a more revolutionary turn and incorporated extreme leftist elements such as the idea of a one party system. It also had the state play a major role in national development, social welfare services, labor rights, regulation of private business in the national interest, and agrarian reform (Hinnebusch 680). What made the Baath Movement so successful was its ability to bring together various classes of society that divided Syria. It did this by promoting movements that were alignedShow MoreRelatedThe Is A Humanitarian Catastrophe1276 Words   |  6 PagesSyria Aleppo is a humanitarian catastrophe. Frequent air and chemical attacks leaves the average Syrian civilian in fear for their lives on a daily basis. With the Western half controlled by the Bashar al-Assad government and the Eastern half in controlled by anti-government rebels bloodshed always lingers. For years, power has shifted between the two sides with many outside forces joining, tipping the power balances. With no end in sight, massive loss of life is becoming a universal issue. InspiredRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Middle East1237 Words   |  5 Pagesparts in history occurred, whether it be different treaties or the fight for a Jewish State. The first main occurrence all started with Zionism, which was essentially was begining of the dispute over Israel. Zionism was a nationalist and political movement of the Jewish culture that supported the reestablishment of the Jewish Peoples original land in Israel. Due to the fact that a Jewish land was wanted and in need, an event occurred were The Balfour Declaration was created in 1917 when Secretary Arthur

A Proposal Of Your E Commerce Strategy - 1824 Words

The proposal Part I: a. A plan of your e-commerce strategy is to recommend how Pay-Days can use these methods to promote their e-commerce system, taking into account: You must consider their target audience and what could be done to increase their clientele. What are the different ways in which PlayDays can use to promote their online e-commerce system? The site structure: Customer interface eg ease of use, display of products, personal details entry, credit card entry, other types of payment, delivery details; image; style In order for my client PlayDays to promote themselves in the most effective way possible, it is important that they should focus on the appearance of the UI (User Interface) of the website as this may arguably be the most important area to worry about when a customer is accessing the e- commerce website. If PlayDays has an unprofessional UI for the customers to use, this may be too unattractive or difficult to navigate which could consequently mean losing out on sales or even causing somewhat damage to the reputation of the business as unprofessionalism will lead to customers to lose trust which would surely do more harm than good. Therefore, by putting in the time and effort in the structure of the site in terms of layout and ease of use for users, this may lead to positive word of mouth recommendations which could essentially lead to the promotion of PlayDays amongst its target market. Navigation links clearly displayed s †¦.. 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Currie Road Construction Case Analysis Essay - 2423 Words

Executive Summary In December 2008, Martin Cook, president of Currie Road Construction Limited, a B.C. based firm, had to decide soon on the company’s expansion plan due to the anticipated economic stimulus spending in both B.C. and Texas in the coming year. The two primary alternatives are either to enter the U.S. construction industry, particularly the Texas market, or to continue the company operations within Canada. Currie owns 2.7% of the B.C. market and due to fierce competition, it is extremely difficult to gain market share. On the other hand, Texas has a bigger market with less competition. Texas Department of Transportation is approving road construction projects that worth more than $4.5 billion. With Currie’s experience and†¦show more content†¦construction industry, particularly the Texas market. Cook would have to decide soon due to the anticipated economic stimulus spending in both B.C. and Texas in the coming year. This is mostly an analytical case presented with plenty of information regarding the background history and the current market condition. Background There are some immediate issues that Currie has to address. The first issue is the extreme difficulty to gain market share in B.C. due to fierce competition; as many as ten companies bid on one job in B.C.. According to Case Exhibit 1 â€Å"2008 Market Share Ranking (MTI)†, Currie only owns 2.7% of the market in 2008. The second issue is to stay profitable. Cook took over Currie late 2000. Even though Currie has been profitable since 2003 according to Case Exhibit 2 â€Å"Financial Summary (Yearly)†, it was unable to make any interest payments towards the company’s $20 million loan until 2007. These two immediate issues are highly important and highly urgent. Currie also has a few basic issues. First is the $20 million debt; the interest owing is a major burden to the company. It would take Currie many years to repay the entire loan. Second is how to better utilize the company’s resources such as machinery which sits idle during the winter, and the existing centralized control systems which cost a total of $170,000. While these two issues are highly important they are not as urgent as the immediate issuesShow MoreRelatedWomen Entrepreneurs: a Critical Review of the Literature12149 Words   |  49 PagesWomen’s motives for starting and leading a business; (3) Women’s leadership styles and management strategies in small business; and (4) Barriers and conflicts encountered by women business owners. The article argues that further study and critical analysis is required, particularly examining relationships between changing economic contexts and cultural meanings of work, and women’s unique ways of crafting entrepreneurial leadership. Questions are suggested for future research continuing the inquiryRead MoreOrganization Restructuring26680 Words   |  107 Pagesprovided, along with a list of relevant references. Most summaries provide the following information, though some will have more or less. 1. NAME OF INTERVENTION: Most commonly used name, along with alternatives. 2. TARGET LEVEL(S) OF ANALYSIS: Is it directed toward organization-wide, group/ unit/ department, or individual change? 3. PURPOSE OF THE INTERVENTION: What is the primary goal of the intervention? 4. EFFECTIVENESS CRITERIA: What are the most appropriate outcomes (behaviorsRead MoreAnz Bank142091 Words   |  569 Pagesprofit is not audited by the external auditor, however the external auditor has informed the Audit Committee that the adjustments have been determined on a consistent basis across each period presented. Refer to  page 15 and pages 206 to 207 for analysis of the adjustments between statutory profit and cash profit. 2 Average ordinary shareholders’ equity excludes non-controlling interests and preference shares. 3 The 2014 dividend payout ratio is calculated using the March 2014 interim and the

Essay about From Data, Information and Knowledge to Wisdom

From Data, Information and Knowledge to Wisdom The data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) continuum is a concept of the transformation of data into wisdom through cognitive processes. DIKW was initially used to illustrate principles of information management for the designing of information systems (Davenport Pursak, 1989)(Saltworks, 2009). DIKW models utilized by nursing such as the model by Englebart Nelson (2002), incorporate principles of increasing complexity due to increasing interactions What is important and unique to nursing is the DIKW concepts and models also help describe the critical thinking processes that nurses use to transform knowledge into the delivery of patient care, into education and learning and†¦show more content†¦The search identified 6 articles. According to Bernstein (2009), The Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom hierarchy is based on filtration and reduction, so to select the most relevant articles, the titles and the keywords of the articles were reviewed first. This resulted in one article that did not contain the search words to be elimiated from further review. Translating Clinical Data to Information To further evaluate the usefulness of the 5 remaining articles, their abstracts were read to identify any relevant information. Information is data that has some meaning to it. Davenport and Prusak (1989) describes information as data that makes a difference to the receiver of the data. The data which is now aggregated into informational sentences and paragraphs (complete thoughts) reveal that the NANDA Nursing Diagnoses, the Iowa Nursing Interventions, and Iowa Nursing Outcomes Classification SNLs have been explored for use in Nurse Practitioner practice. This is information as it has context to the reason the lit erature search is being performed. Linking Information to Knowledge In the DIKW continuum, Knowledge is transformed from Information At the knowledge stage in Englebarts Nelsons (2002) DIKW model, an increased level of complexity in thinking must occur as a result of the increasing occurrences of interrelationships between information and knowledge (McGonigleShow MoreRelatedData, Knowledge, Information and Wisdom Continuum1250 Words   |  5 PagesThe Data/Information/Knowledge/Wisdom Continuum The Data/Information/Knowledge/Wisdom Continuum Data, information, and knowledge are words used to assign meaning to our complex nursing work. In the field of information technology, these words are used to give meaning and direct the flow of organizational knowledge (Thompson amp; Warren, 2009). 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Global Poverty Trends and Global Trade Challenges Free Essays

Introduction Gilder (2012) defines poverty as a deprivation of basic human needs. These comprise of material and non-material needs that are required to facilitate a comfortable life. High levels of poverty lead to social exclusion, which limits the capability of individuals or groups to actively contribute towards community or national development as a result of limited resources (Nolan Whelan, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Global Poverty Trends and Global Trade Challenges or any similar topic only for you Order Now Several efforts have been made to increase the income of people across the globe to enable them afford basic needs. Most of the people that have affected by poverty are from developing countries in Africa, Asia, and South America (World Bank, 2013). There have also been efforts aimed at increasing the affordability of these basic items. Such efforts include placing subsidies on basic commodities, which have been successfully implemented in countries like Egypt (Reuters, 2013). Even with these efforts in place, there are several other factors that limit the success of these efforts, especially in developing countries (Alkire Foster, 2011). Some of these factors include corruption, brain drain of educated professionals and unequal price distribution, which often creates a wide gap between the rich and poor. According to statistics from the World Bank, a total population of 1.22 billion across the globe lived under the poverty line (spending $1.25 per day). Comparing this to 1990 whe re the statistics were at 1.91 billion living under the poverty line, an improvement has been made (World Bank, 2013). This is a clear indication of the effectiveness of strategies that have been implemented to fight poverty. This paper intends to present an in-depth discussion of poverty and transformations that have taken place within the past four decades. It also seeks to examine the social, political and economic challenges that result from global trade and inequality. Poverty and its Causes As mentioned in the previous section of this report, poverty is the deprivation of basic material and non-material needs. It is classified into absolute and relative poverty. The present-day absolute poverty line has been set by the Word Bank at $1.5 and $2.5 a day (Couch et al., 2010). Relative poverty is referred to as an estimate of inequalities in income. It is usually calculated as the percentage of people that live below a certain income median (Couch et al., 2010). Given that economic conditions vary from one country to another, the causes of poverty in different countries also differ. Pointers of poverty include unemployment, homelessness, famine, poor sanitation, high infant mortality rates and illiteracy (Gilder, 2012). With reference to developing countries, one of the key causes is the rapid increase in population. A good example of this is India, where the annual population increase for the last 45 years has been at an average of 2.2% (Karuna, 2012). This translates to a n addition of 17 million people annually, which causes a strain on the available resources, making it difficult to sufficiently cater for their basic needs. Governments have the responsibility of ensuring that the livelihoods of their citizens are improved. However, vices, such as corruption, limit the possibility of attaining the poverty reduction objectives. According to (Johnston, 2009), corruption diverts, distorts and delays growth in economy. As a result of corruption, the elite or wealthy in the country continue progressing while the poor or less privileged plunge deeper into poverty. The poor are also denied access to health, education and other social services that are needed to empower them to effectively contribute towards national building (Fisman Miguel, 2008). Illiteracy also contributes towards an increase in poverty because it limits the capability of individuals to be innovative or entrepreneurial, resulting in an overdependence on natural resources or foreign ai d (Teal, 2011). Other factors that contribute to the poverty statistics include unemployment, inflation, lack of capital to support entrepreneurship and a general lack effective policies that are meant to eliminate poverty. Khan and Bashir (2012) argue that poverty is a complicated phenomenon, which makes it quite challenging to exhaustively explain its causes. Some of the theorists in this field, such as Furnham and Gunter (1984) are of the view that people who are prone to poverty are those who have little or no regard for the future. Instead, they use up their resources to â€Å"live for the moment† (Andersen Taylor, 2007). Other theorists argue that the poor have feelings of inferiority, hopelessness and powerlessness, which are passed on from generation to generation. As a result, it becomes difficult for their economic predicaments to be solved. Whilst these views are based on the notion that the poor have themselves to blame for their situations, other are of the view that among the poor, there are those who have the will to work hard if they are given the chance. However, they are limited by their inability to access education that is a prerequisite for obtaining well-paying jobs (Gilde r, 2012). Poverty Trends over the last 40 years Even though it is challenging to get accurate statistics on the actual changes that have taken place in poverty statistics over the last ten decades, a general improvement has been recorded in poverty eradication efforts (World Bank, 2013). In a report by the UN that explored poverty trends between 1981 and 2005, the findings indicated that even though the developing world still has the highest poverty levels, there has been a significant reduction in the severity and depth of extreme poverty, 0.5 billion less people living under the poverty line in 2005 than in 1981 (United Nations, 2010). This is arguably a positive move, given that these are the regions that record the highest levels of population growth. One of the factors that are responsible for these trends is expansion in the global economy, which has resulted in higher average per capita income levels, both in developing ad developed nations (Collier Dollar, 2002). Comparing the current income with the 1960s, there has been an average growth in GDP levels at an average annual rate of 4.1%, while the high and middle income countries have had their GDPs increase by averages of 3.2% and 4.2% per annum respectively. The chart below represents the global poverty trends between 1981 and 2005 (United Nations, 2010). Despite the improvements indicated in Fig. 1 above, a projected increase in populations of developing countries points out the necessity of their governing bodies to ensure that they formulate appropriate policies that will ensure sustenance in economic growth (World Bank, 2012). This is a prerequisite for poverty eradication. Even though it is a general view of the majority that poverty affects developing countries, developed nations are also directly affected by it. For instance, the United States of America has a total population of 46 million living in poverty (Povertyusa.org, 2013). Unlike the general poverty line that is set for the global statistics, a family of four with an annual income of less than the set threshold of $23,050 can be referred to as living in poverty (HHS, 2012). In the UK, the threshold is at ?100 per week for an adult, ?183 per week for a household with two adults and ?268 for a household of four, which comprises of two adults and two children (Clay et al. , 2012). Poverty trends within the past few decades also indicate the notable differences in economic growth in different countries. For instance, between 1999 and 2005, there was a significant general decline in the population living on under $1.25 a day (United Nations, 2010). However, the highest decline occurred in the Pacific and East Asia, which were then characterized by explosive growths in the economy and improved living standards, especially in China. The chart below represents the trends of people living under $1.25 a day in different world regions (United Nations, 2010). From the trends on the chart above, it is evident that while the overall number of people living below $1.25 a day is reducing, Sub-Saharan African countries are among those facing challenges in attaining this poverty reduction goal. On the other hand, countries from East Asia and the Pacific are among those that have managed to register a significant reduction of the number of people living below this poverty line (United Nations, 2010).The Effects of Poverty on Business There are several effects that poverty has on the business environment. The most direct impact of poverty on business is that there is a minimal potential of growth. This is especially the case for businesses that deal in products or services that are not basic. The reason for this is that the majority of the target market lacks the disposable income to purchase products out of their basic needs. This explains the concentration of businesses in urban centres, where the average income is usually the highest. One of the main outcomes of poverty is crime, where the poor engage in different criminal activities to get themselves out of poverty. Some of the main crimes include robbery and corruption. According to kipo, any crime that results from poverty has a significantly adverse impact on business. For instance, violent robbery scares potential clients and a result, limits the levels sales. In addition to the potential reduction of business sales, businesses are also at a risk of losing their revenue to insecurity. From the findings presented in fig. 2 above that indicate a drop in the levels of poverty, it can be inferred that the consequences for the business environment is also positive. This is exhibited by the overall growth in the number of businesses across the world. Challenges Arising from International Trade and Global Inequality As globalization gradually increases in the present-day business environment, there are different opportunities and challenges that are presented as a result of this (Bigman, 2002). Some of the opportunities that globalization has presented include elimination of national barriers to facilitate trade between nations and increased foreign direct investments in developing and emerging economies to capture the available market opportunities (Foskett Maringe, 2010). This has also contributed to an overall increase in the average per-capita income across the world. However, with these opportunities come underlying challenges that mainly result from global inequalities and international trade (Apple, 2013). The implications that the international trade and global inequality have on business are discussed in this section. Social Challenges As the effects of globalization continue to be felt across the world, one of the key challenges that occur as a result of this is brain drain. Often referred to as capital flight, this is the movement or immigration or people with high levels of skills, knowledge and intelligence from a particular country to another (Agrawal et al., 2011). This mainly affects developing countries, where their academic elite immigrate to developing nations in pursuance of better opportunities. Even though it can be argued as a positive move for the individuals who are moving out, the cumulative impact on the home nation is adverse (Docquier Rapoport, 2012). The World Bank estimates that by 1990, the human capital that had moved from Africa to other developed countries could be equated to 40% of its wealth (approximately $360 billion) (Ndulu, 2004). Developing countries are usually characterized by capital scarcity and therefore, further loss of this scarce resource to developed countries undermines the sustainability and development potentials of these developing nations. Professionals that move to developed countries could otherwise positively contribute towards the long-term improvement of the business and socio-economic statuses of these countries. However, their moves can be justified because of the limited opportunities presented in the developing countries (Agrawal et al., 2011). Another challenge lies in the diversity of cultures, religions and other social frameworks (Collier Dollar, 2002). Globalization has been characterized by increased diversities that have brought about tensions in several business aspects, especially human resource management (Docquier Rapoport, 2012). Currently, one of the most sensitive challenges in human resource management is cultural diversity. Thus, it is vital for human resource managers to ensure that the business environment is balanced enough to accommodate people from different economic backgrounds (Crane Matten, 2004). Other soci al challenges include racial discrimination, human trafficking and threatening of family units as members move into other nations in search of better lives. Global inequality can also refer to the unequal distribution of professional or entrepreneurial skills across the globe. The effect of this on business is that it makes it difficult for businesses operating in some regions to get employees with the desired skills locally. As a result of this, companies spend more money either training employees or hiring expatriates from other countries. Economic Challenges The inequalities that exist in different nations also pose economic challenges on the countries, their citizens and companies that invest in those countries (Nolan Whelan, 2010). One of the economic challenges is because of the different currencies that are used in different countries across the world. Fluctuations in these currency exchange rates have a wide range of repercussions on the company revenues (Bigman, 2002). Global trade has also resulted in the rise of new international powers, commonly referred to as emerging economies. These include Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICS) (Collier Dollar, 2002). Whilst this can be considered as a move in the right direction for these economies, the fact that they are recording faster economic growth rates that other economies has an effect on the international trade structures, the flow of human capital and natural resource-consumption patterns (Bigman, 2002). Another economic challenge is brought about by the inequalities in income levels of different countries, which may cause multinationals to take advantage of this to pay workers in developing countries poorly and overwork them as they seek cheap labour (Collier Dollar, 2002). An example of this was highlighted by (Chamberlain, 2011) that in South China, workers at Apple work for excessive hours to meet the international demands of the company’s products. Foxconn is also another example of companies that provide workers, especially in developing countries with draconian working conditions, which occasionally lead to employee suicides (Chamberlain, 2011). Political Challenges Political challenges that affect global trade comprise of those that are outside the control of governments and those perpetrated by the government or the political elite (Henry Springborg, 2010). One of the challenges is created by governments is corruption, especially in developing countries. Countries that are known to be corrupt often have political leaders who require favours from companies in form of bribes or job positions before being allowed to operate smoothly (Reuters, 2013). One key disadvantage of this is that companies that stick to their ethical codes of conduct may either be denied investment opportunities or may have their operations disrupted by rogue government officials. This results into an imbalanced competitive environment in favour of corrupt businesses. Some of the most corrupt countries in the world are North Korea, Libya, Iraq, Syria and Somalia, which are all developing countries (Reuters, 2013). High tax tariffs and interest rates on loans are also polit ical challenges that increase capital expenditures of investors and a result, reduce their profit margins (McGrew, 2000). Political challenges that are caused by factors out of the government’s influence include revolutions, wars, strikes and terrorism (Campante Chor, 2012). One of the most recent events that paused challenges to businesses in Arab countries was the Arab spring that started in 2010, which affected many Arab countries in Northern Africa and the Middle East (Willis, 2012). Others include constant terrorism activities that take place, perpetrated by extremist movements. For instance, Nigeria is among the countries that, regardless of the rich oil reserves that they have, are accustomed to high levels of corruption, and terrorism. As a result if this, large oil companies like Agip, Shell and Mobil have had challenges operating in the country (Shah, 2014). Conclusion There are several definitions of poverty that have been given by different researchers. However, as earlier presented in the paper, it is a complicated issue whose causes cannot be exhaustively established. This paper has provided an overview of the global poverty by providing an in-depth definition of absolute and relative poverty. It has also outlined some of the key causes of poverty across the globe. Global poverty trends over the past few decades have also been discussed in this paper. Even though the trend indicates a reasonable decline in global poverty levels, some countries have not managed to eliminate poverty as much as others. Some of the countries that have effectively managed to reduce poverty significantly include those in East Asia and the Pacific. On the other hand, poverty still remains a challenge in several countries in regions like Sub Sahara Africa. With a high anticipated population growth by 2050 that is likely to increase the strain on available resources, go vernments ought to implement strategies that will contribute towards economic growth so as to sustain these growing populations. Whereas globalization has provided several opportunities for global business, it has also posed several social, political and economic challenges, especially due to the existent global inequality. Some of these challenges have also been discussed in this paper. Aspects that should be addressed in future research include the possible future global trends of poverty. References Agrawal, A., Kapur, D., McHale, J. Oettl, A., 2011. Brain drain or brain bankThe impact of skilled emigration on poor-country innovation. Journal of Urban Economics, 69(1), pp. 43-55. Alkire, S. Foster, J., 2011. Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Public Economics, 95(7), pp.476-87. Andersen, M.L. Taylor, ?H.F., 2007. Sociology: Understanding a Diverse Society, Updated: Understanding a Diverse Society. Mason: Cengage Learning. Apple, M.W., 2013. Thinking Internationally and Paying Our Debts: Critical Thoughts on Diversity, Globalization, and Education. Kappa Delta Pi Record, 49(3), pp.118-20. Bigman, D., 2002. Globalization and the Developing Countries: Emerging Strategies for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation. Cambridge: CABI. Campante, F.R. Chor, D., 2012. Why was the Arab World Poised for RevolutionSchooling, Economic Opportunities, and the Arab Spring. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26(2), pp.167-87. Chamberlain, G., 2011. Apple’s Chinese workers treated ‘inhumanely, like machines’. The Guardian, 30 April. Clay, S. et al., 2012. Family Resources Survey. London, UK: Office of National Statistics Department of Work and Pensions. Collier, P. Dollar, D?., 2002. Globalization, Growth, and Poverty: Building an Inclusive World Economy. Washington, DC: World Bank. Couch, K., Smeeding, T.M. Waldfogel, J., 2010. Fighting poverty: Attentive policy can make a huge difference. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 29(2), pp.401-07. Crane, A. Matten, D., 2004. Business ethics, a European perspective: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Docquier, F. Rapoport, H., 2012. Globalization, brain drain, and development. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(3), pp.681-730. Fisman, R. Miguel, E., 2008. Economic gangsters: corruption, violence, and the poverty of nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Foskett, N. Maringe, ?F., 2010. Globalization and Internationalization in Higher Education: Theoretical, Strategic and Management. New York: Continuum. Furnham, A. Gunter, B., 1984. Just world beliefs and attitudes towards the poor. British Journal of Social Psychology, 23(3), pp.265-69. Gilder, G., 2012. Wealth and Poverty: A New Edition for the Twenty-first Century. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing. Henry, C.M. Springborg, R., 2010. Globalization and the Politics of Development in the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. HHS, 2012. 2012 HHS Poverty Guidelines. [Online] Available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/12poverty.shtml [Accessed 30 December 2013]. Johnston, M., 2009. Poverty and Corruption. Forbes, 22 January. Karuna, O., 2012. 10 main causes of Poverty in India. [Online] Available at: http://www.preservearticles.com/201107189264/what-are-the-main-causes-of-poverty-in-india.html [Accessed 30 December 2013]. Khan, R.E.A. Bashir, H.N., 2012. Trade, poverty and inequality nexus: the case of Pakistan. World Applied Science Journal, 18(5), pp.722-26. McGrew, A., 2000. Sustainable globalization?: the global politics of development and exclusion in the new world order. In Allen, T. A, T. Poverty and development into the 21st century. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ndulu, B.J., 2004. Human Capital Flight: Stratification, Globalization, and the Challenges to Tertiary Education in Africa. Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 2(1), pp.57-91. Nolan, B. Whelan, C.T., 2010. Using non?monetary deprivation indicators to analyze poverty and social exclusion: Lessons from EuropeJournal of Policy Analysis and Management, 29(2), pp.305-25. Povertyusa.org, 2013. More than 46 million Americans live in Poverty USA. [Online] Available at: http://www.povertyusa.org/ [Accessed 30 December 2013]. Reuters, 2013. Food price rises put restive Egypt on edge. Reuters, 13 March. Reuters, 2013. The 10 Most Corrupt and Least Corrupt Countries in the World. Reutersr, 3 December. Shah, A., 2014. Nigeria and Oil. [Online] Available at: http://www.globalissues.org/article/86/nigeria-and-oil [Accessed 6 January 2014]. Teal, F., 2011. The price of labour and understanding the causes of poverty. Labour Economics, 18, pp.7-15. United Nations, 2010. Report on the World Social Situation 2010: Rethinking Poverty. New York: United Nations United Nations. Willis, M.J., 2012. Politics and Power in the Maghreb: Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco from Independence to the Arab Spring. London: C. Hurst Co. World Bank, 2012. World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank: Development Data Group. World Bank, 2013. Poverty Overview. [Online] Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview [Accessed 30 December 2013]. How to cite Global Poverty Trends and Global Trade Challenges, Essay examples

History in Victorian Writing free essay sample

Examines narrative rhetorical uses of history in works by and about Sir Walter Scott, Thackeray, Tennyson, Carlyle and others. The purpose of this research is to examine literary uses of history on the part of Victorian men of letters. The plan of the research will be to set forth the basis for evidence that Victorian writers made use of history as a narrative or rhetorical device, and then to discuss specific works of the period that illustrate the manner in which history is employed with a view toward amplifying a poetical, narrative, or rhetorical image. The Victorian Age has been described as having have a strong, if idealized, vision of history. In a review of Jenkynss The Victorians and Ancient Greece, Harris cites the Victorians glorified vision of history as consistent with the presumed ideals of British imperialism, noting that George Eliot, Thomas Hardy, and Oscar Wilde, architects, painters, and sculptors . We will write a custom essay sample on History in Victorian Writing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Clinical Data Points

Question: What are clinical Data Points? Explain. Answer: The topic selected for this particular research study include educating the importance of near misses or errors in a healthcare facility. The target audience selected in this regard include Registered nurses (RN), Licensed practical nurses (LPN). Likewise, the healthcare unit selected for the study is Baxter International operating in the United States (Baxter, 2016). In this regard, certain specific set of data needs to be selected for completion of the study. Data Points Needed Educating nurses to eliminate near misses and errors from their workplace activities is quite crucial for enhancing the nursing practices and likewise improving the process of nursing care. Likewise, in order to execute this particular program, it will be crucial to identify the data needs with regard to the selected workplace. Near miss events often presents an opportunity to identify as well as eliminate errors that is causes as a result of jeopardize. One of the major data needs in this context would be getting information of relevant to nurses regarding near events in Baxter International across different departments of the healthcare unit. It will be important to identify the past records of the healthcare unit regarding incidents regarding near misses and closed errors further segregating them as per the need of the study (Crane et. al. 2015). Furthermore, primary information will also be needed in the process of completing this research study on the selected topic. Notably, interviews will be conducted with the nurses and other healthcare practitioners within the healthcare unit to get information relevant to nursing errors and events of near misses within the healthcare unit. The information relevant to the topic will also be collected to understand both the positive and negative effects of near miss events and closed errors within the healthcare workplace (Manaq, 2011). Analysis will also needs to be conducted for this study regarding the process of medical error reporting which also facilitates reporting of near miss events in the workplace. This particular set of data points will be crucial in understanding the participation of the nurses in Baxter International in dealing with near miss events (Strub, 2010). Data will also needs to collected regarding the codes and process followed by nurses in Baxter international while eliminating near misses at large. Rationale The rationale for selecting this topic for the practicum project mainly relates with the aspect that it near misses and errors of nursing practices is one of the widely debated topic in healthcare sector today. However, the topic is yet to be largely explored in terms of the importance of educational program for the nurses in dealing with events of near misses and the positives to be leveraged from the same. Owing to this particular aspect, the selected topic has been considered for this study. Again, the data set selected to be used has also been considered on the basis of the needs assessment for completing the study as per requirement. Information related to the past incidents of near misses in Baxter International will serve as crucial for executing the education program for the selected topic. References Baxter. (2016). Sustainability. Retrieved from https://www.baxter.com/corporate-responsibility/sustainability/overview.page? Crane, S. et. al. (2015). Reporting and Using Near-miss Events to Improve Patient Safety in Diverse Primary Care Practices: A Collaborative Approach to Learning from Our Mistakes. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 28 (4): 452-460. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2015.04.140050. Manaq, J. N. (2011). Nurses' perceptions of medication errors and their contributing factors in South Korea. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 19 (3):346-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01249.x. Strub, W. (2010). Near Miss Reporting: An Educational Program. Retrieved from https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013context=nursing_etd_masters